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Tuesday, December 11, 2012
TEST ON TYPES OF SENTENCES
Determine whether the sentence is simple, compound, complex, or
compound-complex.
1. Resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide problem, but medical
experts list ways to help slow resistance and keep current drugs
effective.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
2. When you go to the doctor with a cold or the flu, don't
automatically ask for antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
3. Colds and flu are caused by viruses, and antibiotics don't work to
fight them, so you should discuss other remedies with your doctor.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
4. If the doctor prescribes antibiotics, follow directions and take
all of the medicine.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
5. Not taking the medicine as prescribed could allow the infection to
re-establish itself in your body and become more resistant to the
drugs later.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
6. Taking more than one antibiotic at once or taking left over
antibiotics in your medicine cabinet may increase the chance of
resistance.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
7. Keep current with your vaccinations; this can prevent you from
getting infectious diseases and needing the antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
8. Remember to practice personal cleanliness as simple hand washing
and proper food handling can help protect you from infectious
diseases.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
9. Improper use of antibiotics helps develop drug resistance, so many
medicines that were strongly effective a few decades ago don't work at
all in the present.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
10. When bacteria is resistant to antibiotics, the only option may be
to remove the infection with surgery.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
11. Germs are smart, and if you use a lot of one drug in many
patients, the germs will find a way to become immune to it.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
12. While many factors are creating this problem of resistance,
experts agree that a major cause is doctor's tendency to easily
prescribe antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
13. Please help me to climb this tree.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
14. You should read Greek Mythology.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
15. Would you enjoy a trip to London?
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
16. I can't get down!
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
17. Come with us.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
18. Which sentence doesn't contain dangling modifier?
a. The library were closed walking through the campus
b. Embodying wisdom, Richard Rodriguez valued his book above all else
c. Upon opening Hull House, Jane Adam started to educate the children of Chicago
d. After observing for years, artists are thought to have unusual
neural pathways
19. "To interpret this poem, knowledge of mythology is needed."
This sentence can be corrected to …..
a. To interpret this poem, one needs knowledge of mythology
b. To interpret this poem, knowledge of mythology you need
c. Knowledge of mythology needs to interpret this poem
d. Knowledge of mythology is needed interpreting this poem
20. "Writing carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in."
This sentence can be corrected to…..
a. if you write carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in
b. Writing carefully, you finished the essay in time to hand in
c. To write carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in by you
d. You wrote carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in
If you really need the answer, please contact my email: widyas3@gmail.com
ENJOY YOURSELVES IN DOING THIS - GOOD LUCK
compound-complex.
1. Resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide problem, but medical
experts list ways to help slow resistance and keep current drugs
effective.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
2. When you go to the doctor with a cold or the flu, don't
automatically ask for antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
3. Colds and flu are caused by viruses, and antibiotics don't work to
fight them, so you should discuss other remedies with your doctor.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
4. If the doctor prescribes antibiotics, follow directions and take
all of the medicine.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
5. Not taking the medicine as prescribed could allow the infection to
re-establish itself in your body and become more resistant to the
drugs later.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
6. Taking more than one antibiotic at once or taking left over
antibiotics in your medicine cabinet may increase the chance of
resistance.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
7. Keep current with your vaccinations; this can prevent you from
getting infectious diseases and needing the antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
8. Remember to practice personal cleanliness as simple hand washing
and proper food handling can help protect you from infectious
diseases.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
9. Improper use of antibiotics helps develop drug resistance, so many
medicines that were strongly effective a few decades ago don't work at
all in the present.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
10. When bacteria is resistant to antibiotics, the only option may be
to remove the infection with surgery.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
11. Germs are smart, and if you use a lot of one drug in many
patients, the germs will find a way to become immune to it.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
12. While many factors are creating this problem of resistance,
experts agree that a major cause is doctor's tendency to easily
prescribe antibiotics.
a. simple
b. compound
c. complex
d. compound/complex
13. Please help me to climb this tree.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
14. You should read Greek Mythology.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
15. Would you enjoy a trip to London?
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
16. I can't get down!
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
17. Come with us.
a. declarative
b. request
c. exclamatory
d. interrogative
18. Which sentence doesn't contain dangling modifier?
a. The library were closed walking through the campus
b. Embodying wisdom, Richard Rodriguez valued his book above all else
c. Upon opening Hull House, Jane Adam started to educate the children of Chicago
d. After observing for years, artists are thought to have unusual
neural pathways
19. "To interpret this poem, knowledge of mythology is needed."
This sentence can be corrected to …..
a. To interpret this poem, one needs knowledge of mythology
b. To interpret this poem, knowledge of mythology you need
c. Knowledge of mythology needs to interpret this poem
d. Knowledge of mythology is needed interpreting this poem
20. "Writing carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in."
This sentence can be corrected to…..
a. if you write carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in
b. Writing carefully, you finished the essay in time to hand in
c. To write carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in by you
d. You wrote carefully, the essay was finished in time to hand in
If you really need the answer, please contact my email: widyas3@gmail.com
ENJOY YOURSELVES IN DOING THIS - GOOD LUCK
TYPES OF PHRASES
Understanding Verbs: Gerunds and Infinitives
A verbal is a verb that functions as some other part of speech in a
sentence. In the English language, there are three basic types of
verbals: gerunds, participles and infinitives. Let's explore each of
these verbals in detail.
Gerunds
Gerunds are verbals that function as nouns and have an –ing ending.
Since gerunds are derived from verbs and have an –ing ending, they do
express action. However, because gerunds function as nouns, they
occupy slots traditionally held by nouns in sentences such as
subjects, direct objects and objects of prepositions. Gerunds may
occur as one word, or they may be part of a gerund phrase. Let's take
a look at some examples:
Gerund, functioning as subject
Reading is my most beneficial summer activity.
Gerund, functioning as direct object
James enjoys swimming.
Gerund, functioning as object of preposition
You will get good grades by studying.
Gerund phrase, functioning as subject
Eating on the run is one of the most unhealthy American habits.
Gerund phrase, functioning as direct object
The teacher simply cannot excuse sleeping during class.
Gerund phrase, functioning as object of preposition
We found the keys by looking on the ground next to the car.
Infinitives
Infinitives are verbals that are made up of the word to and a verb.
Infinitives may function as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. Since
infinitives are derived from verbs, they do express actions or states
of being. When infinitives function as adjectives and adverbs, they
are usually found preceding nouns and pronouns in sentences, and when
they function as nouns, they are used as subjects, direct objects and
objects of prepositions. Infinitives (to + verb) should not be
confused with prepositional phrases (to + noun or pronoun).
Infinitives may occur as to + one verb, or they may be part of an
infinitive phrase. Let's take a look at some examples:
Infinitives functioning as nouns
To love is the greatest achievement.
Infinitives functioning as adjectives
Jason's group was the last to arrive.
Infinitives functioning as adverbs
The students must pass the TAKS tests to graduate.
Infinitive phrase functioning as noun
Ranee wanted to arrive at her destination.
They built this house to dedicate themselves to their loving parents.
Infinitive phrase functioning as adjective
The Smiths were the first family in our neighborhood to adopt a child.
A verbal is a verb that functions as some other part of speech in a
sentence. In the English language, there are three basic types of
verbals: gerunds, participles and infinitives. Let's explore each of
these verbals in detail.
Gerunds
Gerunds are verbals that function as nouns and have an –ing ending.
Since gerunds are derived from verbs and have an –ing ending, they do
express action. However, because gerunds function as nouns, they
occupy slots traditionally held by nouns in sentences such as
subjects, direct objects and objects of prepositions. Gerunds may
occur as one word, or they may be part of a gerund phrase. Let's take
a look at some examples:
Gerund, functioning as subject
Reading is my most beneficial summer activity.
Gerund, functioning as direct object
James enjoys swimming.
Gerund, functioning as object of preposition
You will get good grades by studying.
Gerund phrase, functioning as subject
Eating on the run is one of the most unhealthy American habits.
Gerund phrase, functioning as direct object
The teacher simply cannot excuse sleeping during class.
Gerund phrase, functioning as object of preposition
We found the keys by looking on the ground next to the car.
Infinitives
Infinitives are verbals that are made up of the word to and a verb.
Infinitives may function as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. Since
infinitives are derived from verbs, they do express actions or states
of being. When infinitives function as adjectives and adverbs, they
are usually found preceding nouns and pronouns in sentences, and when
they function as nouns, they are used as subjects, direct objects and
objects of prepositions. Infinitives (to + verb) should not be
confused with prepositional phrases (to + noun or pronoun).
Infinitives may occur as to + one verb, or they may be part of an
infinitive phrase. Let's take a look at some examples:
Infinitives functioning as nouns
To love is the greatest achievement.
Infinitives functioning as adjectives
Jason's group was the last to arrive.
Infinitives functioning as adverbs
The students must pass the TAKS tests to graduate.
Infinitive phrase functioning as noun
Ranee wanted to arrive at her destination.
They built this house to dedicate themselves to their loving parents.
Infinitive phrase functioning as adjective
The Smiths were the first family in our neighborhood to adopt a child.
Monday, November 12, 2012
MY JOB EXPERIENCES
Being a teacher and lecturer is a hard and challenging job for me.
There have been a lot of experiences I get since the first time I
chose my way of life. I remembered when the first time I taught. It
was when I was in second semester in college. I applied a job from an
agent, it was a private course agent located in pulo gebang, Mr. Edi
was the owner. He gave me an elementary student, girl, I forgot her
name, but she lived in Cikokol. We studied English and Math every two
days in a week. She was a good girl, although little bit annoying with
her kept silent behavior, coz I didn't know if she understood or not
with my explanation. Mr. Edi kept giving me more students that lived
far from my house, but I didn't really care about that, as long as I
got the experience in teaching. Even, sometimes I didn't care how much
I got from it. It continued until a year and then I decided to leave
the agency. I moved on by myself and applied for the better job in
teaching.
After I graduated from University, I got a good job in one of the
subsidiary company of government company. It was a very good
experience because I met lots of new friends and colleges. There were
lots of new knowledge and skills I should learn. I had worked in that
company almost for five years and I really enjoyed myself.
Alhamdulillah, until now I am still a lecturer, I work for a private
academy in Jakarta and I love the job very much. The students'
behaviors are varies and I also have to deal with my colleges with so
many different attitudes nd personalities. There is a thing I want to
do now, I want to continue my study, so I still can teach in this
university, I wish I can do this for a life time. Insya Allah.....
There is a new job I do now. I work for a head hunter company. It has
been for three months I join this, and I do a new thing I never think
of. My boss asked me to interview people. Well, this is what I should
learn now, how to interview people for a job, how to see the right
candidates for the job, and how to be a good interviewer. I need to
learn more.....
I have done this interview twice, and every time I do that, I should
evaluate their CV, behaviors and also answers of the questions I gave.
It is so challenging and some time confusing. There's one I met an
interviewee who was unsuitable for the job, not because of his lack of
skills, but it's because of his physical lacking.....
It's so depressing......; however, that's what we should do anyway,
the job is from the company which wants to hire them, and it has given
us the requirements we should meet. That's why I should learn and
learn and learn more.................
I wish I will get the best experiences and do all the jobs well....for
my beloved husband, lovely children, parents and all my relatives....
THANK YOU ALLAH FOR GIVING ME EVERYTHING I HAVE NOW....ALHAMDULILLAH.
There have been a lot of experiences I get since the first time I
chose my way of life. I remembered when the first time I taught. It
was when I was in second semester in college. I applied a job from an
agent, it was a private course agent located in pulo gebang, Mr. Edi
was the owner. He gave me an elementary student, girl, I forgot her
name, but she lived in Cikokol. We studied English and Math every two
days in a week. She was a good girl, although little bit annoying with
her kept silent behavior, coz I didn't know if she understood or not
with my explanation. Mr. Edi kept giving me more students that lived
far from my house, but I didn't really care about that, as long as I
got the experience in teaching. Even, sometimes I didn't care how much
I got from it. It continued until a year and then I decided to leave
the agency. I moved on by myself and applied for the better job in
teaching.
After I graduated from University, I got a good job in one of the
subsidiary company of government company. It was a very good
experience because I met lots of new friends and colleges. There were
lots of new knowledge and skills I should learn. I had worked in that
company almost for five years and I really enjoyed myself.
Alhamdulillah, until now I am still a lecturer, I work for a private
academy in Jakarta and I love the job very much. The students'
behaviors are varies and I also have to deal with my colleges with so
many different attitudes nd personalities. There is a thing I want to
do now, I want to continue my study, so I still can teach in this
university, I wish I can do this for a life time. Insya Allah.....
There is a new job I do now. I work for a head hunter company. It has
been for three months I join this, and I do a new thing I never think
of. My boss asked me to interview people. Well, this is what I should
learn now, how to interview people for a job, how to see the right
candidates for the job, and how to be a good interviewer. I need to
learn more.....
I have done this interview twice, and every time I do that, I should
evaluate their CV, behaviors and also answers of the questions I gave.
It is so challenging and some time confusing. There's one I met an
interviewee who was unsuitable for the job, not because of his lack of
skills, but it's because of his physical lacking.....
It's so depressing......; however, that's what we should do anyway,
the job is from the company which wants to hire them, and it has given
us the requirements we should meet. That's why I should learn and
learn and learn more.................
I wish I will get the best experiences and do all the jobs well....for
my beloved husband, lovely children, parents and all my relatives....
THANK YOU ALLAH FOR GIVING ME EVERYTHING I HAVE NOW....ALHAMDULILLAH.
TYPES OF PHRASES
THE PARTICIPIAL PHRASE
The participial phrase is always used as an adjective phrase to modify
a noun or pronoun. It includes the participle together with its
modifiers, objects, or predicate words.
The present participle form always ends in -ing, but the endings for
past perfect and passive perfect participles may vary. A word group
consisting of a present participle (also known as an -ing form) or
past participle (also known as an -en form), plus any modifiers,
objects, and complements.
ex.
- Walking rapidly, we reached the town in fifteen minutes.
- Annoyed by the noise, the teacher spoke sharply to the class.
- Tom, having won the chess game, looked up happily.
- Having won every game but one, Ohio State now led the Big Ten.
• Placement and Punctuation of Participial Phrases
We find participial phrases in three positions :
1. before a main clause (initial position),
2, after a noun phrase they are modifying (middle position),
3. after a main clause (final position). . . .
What kind of punctuation do we need to use when participial phrases
occur in different positions?
• When the participial phrase comes before a main clause, it is
followed by a comma.
• When the participial phrase follows a main clause, a comma must come
before the participial phrase.
• When the participial phrase occurs in mid-sentence position, we use
two commas. One comma comes before the participial phrase and the
other comes after it.
(Andrea DeCapua, Grammar for Teachers: A Guide to American English for
Native and Non-native Speakers, Springer, 2008)
• "Then he saw the eagles across the distance, two of them, riding
low in the depths and rising diagonally toward him."
• "One evening, perhaps a decade ago, I was walking along Canal
Street in Manhattan's Chinatown when a fishmonger, rushing out of his
shop carrying a tank full of eels, slipped. Before he could let out a
curse, there were eels and elvers everywhere: dark and gleaming,
slithering over pedestrians' feet, wriggling off onto the asphalt,
escaping through the storm drains, animating every crack in the
concrete."
(Ben Ehrenreich, "Eels Über Alles: On Julio Cortázar." The Nation,
Dec. 26, 2011)
• "I walked with shoulders hunched and eyes cast down, avoiding the
water that rushed down the steep, slickly cobbled lanes, browsing in
the windows of antique shops, wishing I had a hat or an umbrella or a
ticket to Bermuda. I retreated into a dark coffee shop, where I sat
shivering, drinking a three-dollar cup of coffee with both hands,
watching the rain through the window, and realized I had a cold coming
on."
(Bill Bryson, Neither Here Nor There: Travels in Europe. William Morrow, 1992)
Identifying Participial Phrases. Underline the participial phrase in
each of the following sentences. Watch for past and present
participles.
Example: Mr. Flynn, annoyed by Joe's question, answered him impatiently.
1. Having been on the road for four days, the Todds were exhausted.
2. That hymn, sung by many generations of churchgoers, is my favorite.
3. Climbing slowly, we approached the top of the hill.
4. Surprised by my question, Mrs. Osmond blushed.
5. Phil, worn out by his long trip, slept for twelve hours.
6. Watching me closely, the dog came toward me.
7. Staring out the window at the rain, Bob became more and more impatient.
8. Having been hurt in the first game, Al sat on the bench for the
rest of the season.
9. The plates, brought from Denmark by my grandmother, are on display
in the dining room.
10. The cookies, baked this morning, were all gone by five o'clock.
11. Having come out in the cool night air, Mr. Troy looked up at the sky.
12. The children, waiting for the play to begin, grew bored.
13. Working hard all day, the boys finished the job by dinner time.
14. Driven from their homelands, many people each year seek refuge in
the United States.
15. Jumping up and down, the cheerleaders urged the team on.
16. The basketball team, encouraged by its performance in the
semifinals, went on to the finals.
17. Having recorded the results of the experiment, Kate closed her notebook.
18. We saw an old woman walking up the path.
19. Having been told of her job offer, Kathy smiled happily.
20. Having spent each afternoon at the beach, Alice soon had a nice tan.
M:\9-TLC\TLC Web Design\Handouts
Worksheets\Grammar.Punctuation.Writing\Phrase-Participial.doc
The participial phrase is always used as an adjective phrase to modify
a noun or pronoun. It includes the participle together with its
modifiers, objects, or predicate words.
The present participle form always ends in -ing, but the endings for
past perfect and passive perfect participles may vary. A word group
consisting of a present participle (also known as an -ing form) or
past participle (also known as an -en form), plus any modifiers,
objects, and complements.
ex.
- Walking rapidly, we reached the town in fifteen minutes.
- Annoyed by the noise, the teacher spoke sharply to the class.
- Tom, having won the chess game, looked up happily.
- Having won every game but one, Ohio State now led the Big Ten.
• Placement and Punctuation of Participial Phrases
We find participial phrases in three positions :
1. before a main clause (initial position),
2, after a noun phrase they are modifying (middle position),
3. after a main clause (final position). . . .
What kind of punctuation do we need to use when participial phrases
occur in different positions?
• When the participial phrase comes before a main clause, it is
followed by a comma.
• When the participial phrase follows a main clause, a comma must come
before the participial phrase.
• When the participial phrase occurs in mid-sentence position, we use
two commas. One comma comes before the participial phrase and the
other comes after it.
(Andrea DeCapua, Grammar for Teachers: A Guide to American English for
Native and Non-native Speakers, Springer, 2008)
• "Then he saw the eagles across the distance, two of them, riding
low in the depths and rising diagonally toward him."
• "One evening, perhaps a decade ago, I was walking along Canal
Street in Manhattan's Chinatown when a fishmonger, rushing out of his
shop carrying a tank full of eels, slipped. Before he could let out a
curse, there were eels and elvers everywhere: dark and gleaming,
slithering over pedestrians' feet, wriggling off onto the asphalt,
escaping through the storm drains, animating every crack in the
concrete."
(Ben Ehrenreich, "Eels Über Alles: On Julio Cortázar." The Nation,
Dec. 26, 2011)
• "I walked with shoulders hunched and eyes cast down, avoiding the
water that rushed down the steep, slickly cobbled lanes, browsing in
the windows of antique shops, wishing I had a hat or an umbrella or a
ticket to Bermuda. I retreated into a dark coffee shop, where I sat
shivering, drinking a three-dollar cup of coffee with both hands,
watching the rain through the window, and realized I had a cold coming
on."
(Bill Bryson, Neither Here Nor There: Travels in Europe. William Morrow, 1992)
Identifying Participial Phrases. Underline the participial phrase in
each of the following sentences. Watch for past and present
participles.
Example: Mr. Flynn, annoyed by Joe's question, answered him impatiently.
1. Having been on the road for four days, the Todds were exhausted.
2. That hymn, sung by many generations of churchgoers, is my favorite.
3. Climbing slowly, we approached the top of the hill.
4. Surprised by my question, Mrs. Osmond blushed.
5. Phil, worn out by his long trip, slept for twelve hours.
6. Watching me closely, the dog came toward me.
7. Staring out the window at the rain, Bob became more and more impatient.
8. Having been hurt in the first game, Al sat on the bench for the
rest of the season.
9. The plates, brought from Denmark by my grandmother, are on display
in the dining room.
10. The cookies, baked this morning, were all gone by five o'clock.
11. Having come out in the cool night air, Mr. Troy looked up at the sky.
12. The children, waiting for the play to begin, grew bored.
13. Working hard all day, the boys finished the job by dinner time.
14. Driven from their homelands, many people each year seek refuge in
the United States.
15. Jumping up and down, the cheerleaders urged the team on.
16. The basketball team, encouraged by its performance in the
semifinals, went on to the finals.
17. Having recorded the results of the experiment, Kate closed her notebook.
18. We saw an old woman walking up the path.
19. Having been told of her job offer, Kathy smiled happily.
20. Having spent each afternoon at the beach, Alice soon had a nice tan.
M:\9-TLC\TLC Web Design\Handouts
Worksheets\Grammar.Punctuation.Writing\Phrase-Participial.doc
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